Peranan Internet dalam Meningkatkan Pendapatan Wirausaha Informal Bidang Jasa

Indah Safira Diroatmodjo; Adhitya Wardhana

doi:10.47065/jamek.v3i1.2158

Indah Safira Diroatmodjo * Center for Economic and Development Studies, Faculty of Economic and Business, UNPAD, Indonesia
Adhitya Wardhana Center for Economic and Development Studies, Faculty of Economics and Business, UNPAD, Indonesia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.47065/jamek.v3i1.2158

Keywords: Services; Internet; Income; Digital Transformation; Informal Entrepreneurs

Abstract

Despite employing more than half of the national workforce, informal entrepreneurs in the service sector continue to earn less than their counterparts in the formal sector. This study aims to analyze informal entrepreneurship in the service sector, which is indicated to have the potential to improve local economies. The study uses 52,349 observations and applies the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method. Data were drawn from the 2019 National Labor Force Survey (Sakernas) and regional minimum wage (UMR) data published by Statistics Indonesia (BPS). The variables used in this study include internet usage, age, education level, gender, place of residence, work duration, weekly working hours, and UMR. The results indicate that internet usage has a positive and significant effect on income, with an estimated contribution of 29.1 percent. Other factors such as age, education, urban residence, work duration, working hours, and minimum wage are also significant. These findings highlight the importance of accelerating digitalization as a strategy to enhance the welfare of informal service entrepreneurs.

References

M. P. . Todaro and S. C. . Smith, Economic development, 13th ed. Pearson, 2020.

BPS, “Boooklet Survei Angkatan Kerja Nasional Februari 2024,” 2024. [Online]. Available: https://www.bps.go.id/id/publication/2024/07/05/0455778ea851bbeda66890a8/booklet-sakernas-februari-2024.html

BPS, “Rata-rata Pendapatan Bersih Sebulan Pekerja Informal1 Menurut Provinsi dan Lapangan Pekerjaan Utama2 (rupiah), 2023,” 2024. [Online]. Available: https://www.bps.go.id/api/statistics-table/3/VVhCTlptdExibkpyV25WM2NFNWFXa3czVDFvdmR6MDkjMw==/rata-rata-pendapatan-bersih-sebulan-pekerja-informalsup1-sup-menurut-provinsi-dan-lapangan-pekerjaan-utama--rupiah---2022.html

BPS, “Booklet Survei Angkatan Kerja Nasional Agustus 2019,” 2019. [Online]. Available: https://www.bps.go.id/id/publication/2019/12/10/680c34c3a8c4955c235892c9/booklet-survei-angkatan-kerja-nasional-agustus-2019.html

Y. B. Rachmatullah, D. B. Santoso, and D. Satria, “The Impact of Internet Use on Informal Entrepreneur Welfare: The Case of Services Sector in Indonesia,” Journal of International Conference Proceedings, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 358–367, Jun. 2023, doi: 10.32535/jicp.v6i1.2311.

I. A. Faisal and H. Rahadian, “Analisis Dampak Penggunaan Internet pada Pendapatan Pekerja Sektor Informal di Perdesaan dan Perkotaan Indonesia,” Jurnal Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Publik Indonesia, vol. 10, no. 1, May 2023, doi: https://doi.org/10.24815/ekapi.v10i1.32953.

R. Sukmawardhana, T. C. Munawar, and R. Bhayangkara, “Pengaruh Penggunaan Teknologi Internet Terhadap Pendapatan Pekerja Sektor Informal Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Di Indonesia,” Bappenas Working Papers, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 299–317, Nov. 2023, doi: 10.47266/bwp.v6i3.225.

C. D. Ratnasari, “Internet Utilization and Income of Entrepreneurs in the Informal Sector,” Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan: Kajian Masalah Ekonomi dan Pembangunan, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 129–138, Dec. 2021, doi: 10.23917/jep.v22i2.16094.

J. Wang, Y. Hu, and J. Xiong, “The internet use, social networks, and entrepreneurship: evidence from China,” Technol Anal Strateg Manag, vol. 36, no. 1, pp. 122–136, 2024, doi: 10.1080/09537325.2022.2026317.

X. Si and M. Li, “Impact of the internet use on informal workers’ wages: Evidence from China,” PLoS One, vol. 18, no. 5 May, May 2023, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285973.

D. A. Nur Asrofi, D. S. Pratomo, and F. W. Pangestuty, “Internet utilization and Indonesian female entrepreneurs during the COVID-19 pandemic,” Cogent Soc Sci, vol. 9, no. 2, 2023, doi: 10.1080/23311886.2023.2273347.

L. Gustina, D. Ayu Utami, and P. Wicaksono, “The Role of Cognitive Skills, Non-Cognitive Skills, and Internet Use on Entrepreneurs’ Success in Indonesia,” Jurnal Economia, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 130–142, Apr. 2020, doi: 10.21831/economia.v16i1.30414.

Y. B. Rachmatullah, D. B. Santoso, and D. Satria, “Does Internet Use Help Informal Entrepreneur Increase Their Income? Evidence from Manufacturing Sector in Indonesia,” International Conference on Innovations in Social Sciences Education and Engineering (ICoISSEE), vol. 3, 2023.

T. T. H. Tambunan, “Evidence on the use of internet for businesses by MSEs in a Developing Country. The Indonesian case,” An Acad Bras Cienc, vol. 92, no. 1, 2020, doi: 10.1590/0001-3765202020180555.

R. Mustari, M. Dinar, T. Supatminingsih, and Nurdiana, “Mustari (2022),” Journal of Economic Education and Entrepreneurship Studies, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 310–326, 2022, [Online]. Available: https://ojs.unm.ac.id/JE3S

M. Syahrul Azim, Luluk Fadliyanti, and Vici Handalusia Husni, “Determinants of Informal Sector Workers’ Income in Mataram City,” Socio-Economic and Humanistic Aspects for Township and Industry, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 74–84, Mar. 2024, doi: 10.59535/sehati.v2i1.221.

C. Håkansta et al., “What is the Role of Minimum Wages in Addressing Precarious Employment in the Informal and Formal Sectors? Findings from a Systematic Review,” Apr. 01, 2025, SAGE Publications Inc. doi: 10.1177/27551938241286463.

ILO, “Measuring informality: A statistical manual on the informal sector and informal employment,” 2013.